Cantilena entata ; Grafting song in Paris ; Experimental song-writing in the Roman de Fauvel ; Performing nonsense at court : Watriquet de Couvin's Fastras ; Citation and ritual at the Puys of Valenciennes and Paris ; Jehan de le Mote and the rise of the ballade ; Citing the classics : mythological ballades by Le Mote, Viry and Campion ; Machaut's heritage : tracing citations in his lyrics and songs ; Self-citation and lyric process in La Loange des dames ; The dynamics of duplication : staging debate in Machaut's Voir dit